The Texas Supreme Court on Friday rejected an attempt by Gov. Greg Abbott to remove Democratic lawmakers from office, ending a high-stakes legal battle that began when the lawmakers fled the state to delay a Republican redistricting drive last year.

Chief Justice James D. Blacklock wrote in his decision that the court did not need to intervene in a political disagreement between two branches of the state government — a dispute that raised “fundamental questions about the allocation of power” — because, as a practical matter, it was already resolved.

“In the end, a quorum was restored in two weeks’ time, without judicial intervention, by the interplay of political and practical forces,” wrote Justice Blacklock, an appointee of Mr. Abbott and his former general counsel.

The court, whose nine members are all Republicans, declined to rule on whether breaking quorum was an acceptable form of political protest, or one that could result in removal from office in the future, under different circumstances.

The Texas Democrats’ departure in early August to Chicago attracted national attention to Republican redistricting efforts last year that President Trump had pushed. The political map drawing in Texas turned out to be the opening salvo in a nationwide war over partisan control of the House, one that Democrats later joined through redistricting efforts in California and other states.

The decision by Democrats to deliberately break quorum, denying the State House its necessary numbers to conduct business, enraged Republican leaders in Austin, the Texas capital. They levied fines against the absent Democrats and issued warrants seeking their return to the Capitol.